Effects of superovulatory doses of pregnant mare serum gonadotropin on oocyte quality and ovulatory and steroid hormone responses in rats

Immature rats (aged 28 days) were injected with 4, 20, or 40 IU pregnant mare serum gonadotropin (PMSG) and sacrificed every 6 or 12 hr. Control rats (4 IU) ovulated between 60 and 72 hr, whereas rats given superovulatory doses of PMSG (20 and 40 IU) ovulated between 24 and 72 hr. The oocyte count from the superovulated rats increased slightly between 24 and 36 hr and markedly between 48 and 72 hr. Degenerated oocytes were recovered 48 and 36 hr after administration of 20 and 40 IU PMSG, respectively. Thereafter, the proportion of degenerated oocytes was dose dependent and reached a maximum at 72 (30.9%, 20 IU) and 60 hr (61.0%, 40 IU). 17β-estradiol content of the superovulated ovaries increased significantly (P < 0.01) from 36 hr and was maximal at 60 (20 IU) or 54 hr (40 IU), when compared to the control regimen. Administration of 40 IU PMSG resulted in a biphasic increase of progesterone content with the peaks at 36 and 60 hr. Androgen content of the superovulated ovaries was lower than control levels during the first 36 hr but was significantly (P < 0.01) higher thereafter. The results suggest that these alterations in the steroid response (particularly androgens) from 36 hr onward following superovulation may be responsible for the coincidental occurrence of abnormal oocytes, possibly by disturbing the specific intrafollicular steroid environment essential for complete maturation. In addition, oocyte aging that is due to earlier activation by the exogenous luteinizing hormone activity may be a contributing factor.     

广西贵县的螟害规律及其预测方法的探讨

1.从广西贵县1958—1964年的七年螟害调查资料,可以将全年螟害的消长趋势,划分为世代递减发生型、世代递增发生型和第三世代多发型等三种螟害发生型。 2.形成三种螟害发生型的原因,主要系由于水稻播植期的早晚与螟虫发生为害的不同组合所致。水稻播植期较早的年份,形成世代递减发生型;播植期较晚的年份,形成世代递增发生型:播植期居中的年份,则形成第三世代多发型。 3.本文根据历史资料,订出早、中、晚播植期的标准,以此标准为坐标图上的横轴,各世代螟害率为纵轴,作出了播种期与螟害型的关系模式图。根据这个模式图,在某年掌握了早稻播种期以后,就可以作出该年螟害发生发展趋势的展望。 4.求算三种螟害发生型各世代之间的螟害增减比值历年平均数,在某年获悉早稻播种期和第一世代实测螟害率以后,就可以根据这个比值平均数,依次推算以后各世代的预测螟害率。 5.关于各世代螟害率的近期预测,本文主张以幼虫虫口密度为依据,求算虫口密度与其所造成螟害率的二次函数曲线方程式,在获得幼虫密度以后,代入方程式来计算近期预测的螟害率。     

大肠杆菌棉子糖操纵子α—半乳糖苷酶表达的调节控制

The alpha-galactosidase, coded for by the first structural gene rafA in the plasmid determined raf operon was an inducible enzyme. In contrast to lac or mel operon, raf operon has more strict structural specificity for inducers. The enzyme can be induced by melibiose and raffinose, or weakly by D-galactose, but not by structurally related sugars such as lactose, PNPG etc.. The alpha-galactosidase forming capacity as function of growth curve reached a single peak at the end of the logarithmic phase of the growth. The structure and regulation of raf operon is similar to those of lac operon. The repressormor-mediated negative control plays a major role in the regulation of raf operon, and cAMP-CAP mediated positive control is also involved in the regulation. When 0.4% glucose was added into the medium with other carbon sources, the expression of the enzyme was repressed by 2-3 fold. Transient catabolite repression has been observed neither in inducible nor constitutive alpha-galactosidase expression. Based on alpha-galactosidase assay, in mutant strains CA8306(cya) and CA8445 (cya, crp) the expression level of raf operon was only 9% and 2.5% of that in wild type strain respectively. The glucose effect or the repression in cya mutant can be abolished by 1-5 mmol cAMP. The constitutive alpha-galactosidase expression in cya and cry double mutant (CA8445) remains repressible by glucose, but irreversible by cAMP, suggesting cAMP-CAP complex is not the exclusive mediator of the catablite repression.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)     

Effect of human epidermal growth factor (hEGF) on splanchnic circulation in dogs

The effect of intravenous administration of human epidermal growth factor on the splanchnic blood flows was examined in anesthetized dogs, using an ultrasonic transit-time volume flow meter. Human epidermal growth factor (0.1, 0.5 and 1 microgram/kg) significantly increased blood flows in the portal vein (36.9 +/- 7.4% at 1 microgram/kg) and the superior mesenteric artery (49.0 +/- 16.8% at 1 microgram/kg). Systemic blood pressure monitored simultaneously was significantly decreased (8.4 +/- 1.2% at 1 microgram/kg). This study is the first to demonstrate that intravenous administration of epidermal growth factor increases the portal venous blood flow.     

春小麦胚芽伸长过程中渗透调节与能量代谢

本文用PEG模拟水分亏缺对春小麦红芒麦和绵阳11号胚芽伸长过程中生长、膨压、渗透势、水势和渗透调节能力与ATP含量、能荷变化及能量代谢间的关系进行了研究。结果表明,通过降低能荷,改变分解代谢与合成代谢的比率,使渗透调节物质积累,增加了幼苗的吸水能力,从而使其在一定的ATP能量水平上维持缓慢生长;抗旱品种红芒麦在水分亏缺下成苗速率较快,能保持一定的ATP能量水平和能荷值,渗透调节和吸水能力都比较强。     

人体基因组随机单拷贝顺序的分离及其在染色体上的定位

本文从构建杂种细胞14-7-1的基因组文库出发,用种特异的探针分离出含有人体基因组顺序的重组子,并进一步分析了其中13个克隆,得到8个单拷贝顺序。通过与已建立的杂种细胞克隆分布板杂交以及染色体的原位杂交方法,将1个单拷贝顺序FD11-1定位在11p11-q11上。由于已经报道在11号染色体上具有3个连锁群,它们分别位于11p15、11p13和11q13上,因此,FD11-1有可能为11号染色体连锁基因图的建立提供1个有意义的座位。     

Molecular cloning of a metallothionein-like gene from Nicotiana glutinosa L. and its induction by wounding and tobacco mosaic virus infection.

The cloning and characterization of genes expressed in plant disease resistance could be an initial step toward understanding the molecular mechanisms of disease resistance. A metallothionein-like gene that is inducible by tobacco mosaic virus and by wounding was cloned in the process of subtractive cloning of disease resistance-response genes in Nicotiana glutinosa. One 530-bp cDNA clone (KC9-10) containing an open reading frame of 81 amino acids was characterized. Genomic Southern blot hybridization with the cDNA probe revealed that tobacco metallothionein-like genes are present in few or in one copy per diploid genome. Northern blot hybridization detected strong induction of a 0.5-kb mRNA by wounding and tobacco mosaic virus infection, but only mild induction was detected when copper was tested as an inducer. Methyl jasmonate, salicylic acid, and ethylene were also tested as possible inducers of this gene, but they had no effect on its expression. The possible role of this gene in wounded and pathogen-stressed plants is discussed.     

细胞骨架对凝血酶诱导人血小板分泌反应的调节(英文)

本文利用血小板表面外露的GMP-140为血小板分泌反应的特异性标志,通过放射免疫分析法定量测定血小板表面GMP-140分子数,研究了细胞骨架抑制剂对凝血酶诱导血小板分泌反应的影响。结果表明,凝血酶激活使血小板表面GMP-140的外露明显增加,反应迅速,并在一定范围内呈剂量和时间依赖性;而ADP刺激则几乎不引起GMP-140外露的增加。凝血酶激活前加入不同的细胞骨架抑制剂处理可产生不同的效应:细胞松驰素B(肌动蛋白微丝抑制剂)可明显上调凝血酶诱导的GMP-140外露;而秋水仙素(微管抑制剂)则下调GMP-140的外露;两者同时处理仍呈现明显的上调作用。提示凝血酶作为一种强激活剂,不仅可通过受体-G蛋白-第二信使的途径启动血小板分泌反应,而且可能经诱导肌动蛋白微丝的形成对分泌反应起反馈性负调节作用。微管的存在则可能对凝血酶诱导的分泌反应起促进作用。虽然两种细胞骨架的作用相反,但以微丝的作用为主,两者间无相互拮抗现象。